Robert Bartlett and Justin McCrary study cited by Barron’s, Sept. 3, 2016
The study, by Robert Bartlett and Justin McCrary, scoured 385 million stock trades and 6.2 billion price quotes for signs that high-tech scalawags routinely front-run the rest of us by exploiting faster access to stock quotes. Contrary to Lewis’ scare story, the pair found that slow or fast quotes made no difference in pricing 97% of the trades. And on the remaining trades, the pricing differences actually favored the slow trader.